前言：
ansible的结果默认是输出到cli终端和日志里面的，用惯了saltsatck的returners数据回调后，也很是喜欢ansible也有，一开始不知道有这个功能，自己也简单实现了这样的功能。
我的实现方式是，在模块里面做一些输出的逻辑。当使用ansible runner api的时候，是在后面runner代码，最后加了一段往redis输出的逻辑。 这里实现数据的输出有些独特，但是只能是在模块和 api方面搞 。 如果是用playbook的话，按照我以前的思路的话，再继续改ansbile的源码。 这两天听沈灿说，ansible有个callback_plugins的功能，可以对于执行的状态做一些判断，比如，执行成功，执行失败，异步执行，异步执行失败，playbook开始，结束等等。
沈灿这货先写了关于ansible callbacks的文章，我看到了后，才知道有而一个东西。大家可以看看 。
我也不说复杂了，就简单说一个例子，把执行的结果，都推到redis里面，也可以暂存到sqlite数据库里面，只是这段代码我给屏蔽了，有兴趣的朋友再搞搞。对于redis里面的数据可以写一个页面展现下，专门记录错误的问题，成功的就pass掉。
原文：
#xiaorui.ccimport osimport timeimport sqlite3import redisimport jsondbname = '/tmp/setup.db'TIME_FORMAT='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'try: con = sqlite3.connect(dbname) cur = con.cursor()except: passdef log(host, data):# if type(data) == dict:# invocation = data.pop('invocation', None)# if invocation.get('module_name', None) != 'setup':# return## facts = data.get('ansible_facts', None)## now = time.strftime(TIME_FORMAT, time.localtime())## try:# # `host` is a unique index# cur.execute("REPLACE INTO inventory (now, host, arch, dist, distvers, sys,kernel) VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?,?);",# (# now,# facts.get('ansible_hostname', None),# facts.get('ansible_architecture', None),# facts.get('ansible_distribution', None),# facts.get('ansible_distribution_version', None),# facts.get('ansible_system', None),# facts.get('ansible_kernel', None)# ))# con.commit()# except:# pass#class CallbackModule(object): def runner_on_ok(self, host, res): r = redis.Redis(host='127.0.0.1', port=6379, db=0) r.set(host,str(res)) f = open('/tmp/11','a') f.write(str(host)) f.write(str(res)) f.close() log(host, res) def runner_on_failed(self, host, res, ignore_errors=False): f = open('/tmp/11','a') f.write('\nbad\n') f.close() log(host, res)
还是可以接收所有的facts数据的。
原文：
原文：
虽然我上面的例子用了redis，sqlite数据库，其实我个人推荐用mongodb这样的文档数据库的。因为ansible主runner函数，给callbacks传递了一个叫res的变量，他本身就是一个dict对象，如果放到redis的hash，sqlite的各种字段，够你烦的了，如果直接mongo，那就简单了，直接insert ！ 欧了
这里在show一个邮件的callbacks代码，场景是，非常消耗时间的任务，当执行完成后，查看结果咋办？ 但是你也可以在终端继续看，既然咱们讲了callbacks_plugins,就可以把结果push到你的邮箱里面，当然只给你发错误的，有问题的。 下面的callback代码需要自己替换成自己用的邮箱、密码、smtp服务器。
#xiaorui.cc原文：http://rfyiamcool.blog.51cto.com/1030776/1440624 import smtplibdef mail(subject='Ansible error mail', sender='', to='root', cc=None, bcc=None, body=None): if not body: body = subject smtp = smtplib.SMTP('localhost') content = 'From: %s\n' % sender content += 'To: %s\n' % to if cc: content += 'Cc: %s\n' % cc content += 'Subject: %s\n\n' % subject content += body addresses = to.split(',') if cc: addresses += cc.split(',') if bcc: addresses += bcc.split(',') for address in addresses: smtp.sendmail(sender, address, content) smtp.quit()class CallbackModule(object): """ This Ansible callback plugin mails errors to interested parties. """ def runner_on_failed(self, host, res, ignore_errors=False): if ignore_errors: return sender = '"Ansible: %s" ' % host subject = 'Failed: %(module_name)s %(module_args)s' % res['invocation'] body = 'The following task failed for host ' + host + ':\n\n%(module_name)s %(module_args)s\n\n' % res['invocation'] if 'stdout' in res.keys() and res['stdout']: subject = res['stdout'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[-1] body += 'with the following output in standard output:\n\n' + res['stdout'] + '\n\n' if 'stderr' in res.keys() and res['stderr']: subject = res['stderr'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[-1] body += 'with the following output in standard error:\n\n' + res['stderr'] + '\n\n' if 'msg' in res.keys() and res['msg']: subject = res['msg'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[0] body += 'with the following message:\n\n' + res['msg'] + '\n\n' body += 'A complete dump of the error:\n\n' + str(res) mail(sender=sender, subject=subject, body=body) def runner_on_unreachable(self, host, res): sender = '"Ansible: %s" ' % host if isinstance(res, basestring): subject = 'Unreachable: %s' % res.strip('\r\n').split('\n')[-1] body = 'An error occured for host ' + host + ' with the following message:\n\n' + res else: subject = 'Unreachable: %s' % res['msg'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[0] body = 'An error occured for host ' + host + ' with the following message:\n\n' + \ res['msg'] + '\n\nA complete dump of the error:\n\n' + str(res) mail(sender=sender, subject=subject, body=body) def runner_on_async_failed(self, host, res, jid): sender = '"Ansible: %s" ' % host if isinstance(res, basestring): subject = 'Async failure: %s' % res.strip('\r\n').split('\n')[-1] body = 'An error occured for host ' + host + ' with the following message:\n\n' + res else: subject = 'Async failure: %s' % res['msg'].strip('\r\n').split('\n')[0] body = 'An error occured for host ' + host + ' with the following message:\n\n' + \ res['msg'] + '\n\nA complete dump of the error:\n\n' + str(res) mail(sender=sender, subject=subject, body=body)
如果不想发邮件，又不想搞到数据库里面，怎么办？ 那来点低端的。 直接写入到文件里面。
官方给出一个例子，大家照着模板写就行了。
import osimport timeimport jsonTIME_FORMAT="%b %d %Y %H:%M:%S"MSG_FORMAT="%(now)s - %(category)s - %(data)s\n\n"if not os.path.exists("/var/log/ansible/hosts"): os.makedirs("/var/log/ansible/hosts")def log(host, category, data): if type(data) == dict: if 'verbose_override' in data: # avoid logging extraneous data from facts data = 'omitted' else: data = data.copy() invocation = data.pop('invocation', None) data = json.dumps(data) if invocation is not None: data = json.dumps(invocation) + " => %s " % data path = os.path.join("/var/log/ansible/hosts", host) now = time.strftime(TIME_FORMAT, time.localtime()) fd = open(path, "a") fd.write(MSG_FORMAT % dict(now=now, category=category, data=data)) fd.close()class CallbackModule(object): """ logs playbook results, per host, in /var/log/ansible/hosts """ def on_any(self, *args, **kwargs): pass def runner_on_failed(self, host, res, ignore_errors=False): log(host, 'FAILED', res) def runner_on_ok(self, host, res): log(host, 'OK', res) def runner_on_skipped(self, host, item=None): log(host, 'SKIPPED', '...') def runner_on_unreachable(self, host, res): log(host, 'UNREACHABLE', res) def runner_on_no_hosts(self): pass def runner_on_async_poll(self, host, res, jid, clock): pass def runner_on_async_ok(self, host, res, jid): pass def runner_on_async_failed(self, host, res, jid): log(host, 'ASYNC_FAILED', res) def playbook_on_start(self): pass def playbook_on_notify(self, host, handler): pass def playbook_on_no_hosts_matched(self): pass def playbook_on_no_hosts_remaining(self): pass def playbook_on_task_start(self, name, is_conditional): pass def playbook_on_vars_prompt(self, varname, private=True, prompt=None, encrypt=None, confirm=False, salt_size=None, salt=None, default=None): pass def playbook_on_setup(self): pass def playbook_on_import_for_host(self, host, imported_file): log(host, 'IMPORTED', imported_file) def playbook_on_not_import_for_host(self, host, missing_file): log(host, 'NOTIMPORTED', missing_file) def playbook_on_play_start(self, name): pass def playbook_on_stats(self, stats): pass 原文：
也可以把结果以webhooks钩子的方式，做些你想做的东西。
callbacks的各种状态还是很多的，每个函数的字眼还是很好理解的。
比如：
on_any 哪都有他 ！任何的状态他触发。
runner_on_failed 失败
runner_on_ok 成功
runner_on_unreachable 网络不可达
runner_on_no_hosts 没有主机
runner_on_async_poll 任务的异步执行
playbook_on_start playbook执行的时候
等等。。。。 自己尝试吧 ！
class CallbackModule(object): def on_any(self, *args, **kwargs): pass def runner_on_failed(self, host, res, ignore_errors=False): log(host, 'FAILED', res) def runner_on_ok(self, host, res): log(host, 'OK', res) def runner_on_skipped(self, host, item=None): log(host, 'SKIPPED', '...') def runner_on_unreachable(self, host, res): log(host, 'UNREACHABLE', res) def runner_on_no_hosts(self): pass def runner_on_async_poll(self, host, res, jid, clock): pass def runner_on_async_ok(self, host, res, jid): pass def runner_on_async_failed(self, host, res, jid): log(host, 'ASYNC_FAILED', res) def playbook_on_start(self): pass def playbook_on_notify(self, host, handler): pass def playbook_on_no_hosts_matched(self): pass def playbook_on_no_hosts_remaining(self): pass def playbook_on_task_start(self, name, is_conditional): pass def playbook_on_vars_prompt(self, varname, private=True, prompt=None, encrypt=None, confirm=False, salt_size=None, salt=None, default=None): pass def playbook_on_setup(self): pass def playbook_on_import_for_host(self, host, imported_file): log(host, 'IMPORTED', imported_file) def playbook_on_not_import_for_host(self, host, missing_file): log(host, 'NOTIMPORTED', missing_file) def playbook_on_play_start(self, name): pass def playbook_on_stats(self, stats): pass
原文：
咱们可以简单看看ansible的callbacks源码。
规定了两个类，一个是供应ansible-playbook用的，还有一个是供应ansible，也就是cli。 根据各种的情况，调用不同的函数，首先会打到终端，再log日志，最后是自定义的callbacks的插件。
好了，就这样了 ！！！！